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G6 Active Earth: Volcanoes

Resources for the research project

Volcanoes and Geysers

Resources
Vocabulary

Volcanoes and Volcanic Eruptions
Composite and shield volcanoes are found along plate boundaries. They have distinctive characteristics and can have both positive and negative effects on people and the landscape.
Volcanoes
Some mountains are made of solid rock, like the Rocky Mountains or the Swiss Alps. But, some mountains are actually volcanoes.
How Volcanoes Form
If you look at a map showing the distribution of earthquakes around the world, it shows that they tend to be concentrated along well-defined belts.
South Korea Volcanoes
South Korea has 3 Holocene volcanoes
Learn About Lava Rocks and Volcanoes

Active
A volcano isactive if it is erupting lava, releasing gas or generating tremors/earthquakes.
Dormant
An volcano is labelled dormant if it has not erupted for a long time but could erupt again in the future.
Extinct
When a volcano has been dormant for more than 10 000 years, it is considered extinct.
Magma
liquid, or partly liquid, melted rock under the earth's surface.
Lava
Magma (hot, liquid rock) after it reaches the surface of the earth.
Ash
Volcanic ash is a mixture of rock, mineral, and glass particles expelled from a volcano during an eruption.
Vent
A volcanic vent is that spot in the Earth’s crust where gases, molten rock, lava and rocks erupt.
Geysers
a hot spring that throws forth occasional jets of heated water and steam
Pyroclastic flow
All the material--lava, ash, rocks and gas-- that erupt from a volcano
Lava Dome
A steep-sided mound or hill formed when lava hardens around a vent.
Caldera
A large, bowl-shaped hole, often formed by the collapse of a volcano

Impacts

Eruption Facts
Key Facts About Eruptions
When warnings are heeded, the chances of adverse health effects from a volcanic eruption are very low.
Positive and Negative Effects

Predicting and Monitoring

Volcano Monitoring Techniques
Geologists have developed several methods to monitor changes in active volcanoes.
Volcano Monitoring
Volcano Under the City
Can we forecast volcanic eruptions?
How Can We Tell When a Volcano Will Erupt?
Some volcanoes erupt almost constantly, such as Kīlauea on Hawaii, but others may have gaps of hundreds of thousands of years between eruptions.
Early Warning Signs
Subtle swelling of the volcano can be caused by the magma inside the volcano rising to the surface.
How Scientists Forecast Eruptions

Volcanoes 101

Predicting