U.S. President Jimmy Carter and Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev signed the SALT II strategic arms limitation treaty in Vienna.
The treaty placed “important new limits on both the number and quality of nuclear arms, and it allows us to continue on course toward a safer world with even more substantial limitations and reductions in SALT III.” The United States Senate chose not to ratify the treaty after the Soviets invaded Afghanistan in December 1979. The Soviet legislature also did not ratify it.
The agreement expired on December 31, 1985 and was not renewed.
On July 14, 1978, the Soviet government imprisoned Anatoly Shcharansky, a dissident accused of supplying secret material to a reporter for the Los Angeles Times. The trial began on July 10, just two days before the start of U.S.-Soviet strategic arms limitation talks in Geneva. President Jimmy Carter spoke out against the trials but said that American athletes would not boycott the Moscow Olympics. He reversed this decision in 1980 after the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan.